Topological Superconductor : A Review Theoretically & Experimentally

There is a saying that theoretical constructions never go beyond experimental works in superconductor field. However, with recent year’s tremendous development of topological material, scientists realized that topological states of matter can actually be widespread, and hence the idea of topological superconductor became much more interesting and hence numerous theoretical works within the framework of well-established description of topological material seems to have a chance to gain the opportunity to get a step forward. Recent experiments, which in great agreement with theoretical predictions, confirm that. In this review, we first briefly review topological insulators’ theory and get some intuition what topology state means, and then construct basic theoretical description of topological superconductors with consideration of Majorana fermions, then finally briefly analyze and discuss the current status and further perspective of topological superconductors, both experimentally and theoretically.